2020
New Record of Rust Disease Caused by Puccinia oxalidis on Oxalis latifolia from India
Rajnish Kumar Verma1, Ajay Kumar Gautam2, *, Ankit Singh3, Shubhi Avasthi4, Indu Bhushan Prasher5, Mohan Chandra Nautiyal3, Harpreet Singh1
Affiliations
1Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Swami Vivekanand Group of Institutes, Ramnagar, Banur, Punjab -140506, India
2School of Agriculture, Abhilashi University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175028, India
3High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal 246174, India
4School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474011, Madhya Pradesh, India
5Department of Botany, Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Panjab University Chandigarh, 160014, India
*Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Abstract
A severe rust infection caused by Puccinia oxalidis was observed on Oxalis corniculata (Oxalidaceae) in Himachal Pradesh and Chandigarh, as well as on O. latifolia, known as garden pink-sorrel, in Uttarakhand, northern India. Detailed morphological examination of the diseased leaf samples confirmed the identity of the pathogen. This paper provides a taxonomic account of Puccinia oxalidis, describing rust symptoms on the host plants and offering a taxonomic key for the identification of Puccinia species reported from Oxalis species. Additionally, the global host range and worldwide distribution of P. oxalidis are discussed. This study represents the first detailed taxonomic account of P. oxalidis on Oxalis corniculata from Himachal Pradesh and Chandigarh in northern India. Furthermore, it presents a new record of P. oxalidis from O. latifolia in India.
Citation
Verma RK, Gautam AK, Singh A, Avasthi S, Prasher IB, Nautiyal MC, Singh H (2020) New record of rust disease caused by Puccinia oxalidis on Oxalis latifolia from India. MycoAsia 2020/01. https://doi.org/10.59265/mycoasia.2020-01
Submission History
Received: 28.06.2019
Accepted: 14.03.2020
Published: 14.03.2020
Editorial Team
Handling Editor: Dr. Rajeshkumar K. C.
Diatrype: New Records from Andaman Islands and a Checklist from India
M. Niranjan#, Vemuri Venkateswara Sarma*
Affiliations
Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry – 605014, India, #Present address: Department of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, University Road, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh – 791112, India
*Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Abstract
The fungal genus Diatrype, belonging to the family Diatrypaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes, was explored during a study conducted in the Andaman Islands, India, from 2015 to 2018. Six fungi belonging to the genus Diatrype were identified, including D. buteae M.S. Patil & S.D. Patil, D. ilicina Lar. N. Vassiljeva & S.L. Stephenson, D. stigma (Hoffm.) Fr, D. stigmaoides Kauffman, D. subundulata Lar. N. Vassiljeva & H.X. Ma, and D. syzygii Narendra & V.G. Rao. These findings represent new records of these fungal species from the Andaman Islands, India. This paper provides detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of these species.
Citation
Niranjan M, Sarma VV (2020) Diatrype: New records from Andaman Islands and a checklist from India. MycoAsia 2020/02. https://doi.org/10.59265/mycoasia.2020-02
Submission History
Received: 30.01.2020
Accepted: 30.05.2020
Published: 31.05.2020
Editorial Team
Handling Editor: Dr. B. Devadatha
The Genera of Coelomycetes: Including Genera of Lichen-Forming, Sexual Morphs, and Synasexual Morphs with Coelomycetous Morphs (Genera A–C)
Nalin N. Wijayawardene1, Dong-Qin Dai1, *, Ye Tian2, *, Li-Zhou Tang1,3, Patricia Oliveira Fiuza4, Flavia Rodrigues Barbosa5, Taimy Cantillo-Perez6, Kunhiraman C. Rajeshkumar7
Affiliations
1Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing City, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
2Innovation Startup College, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, People’s Republic of China
3State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, People’s Republic of China
4Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Centro de Biociências, Campus Universitário, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, 59078-970, Brazil
5Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Humanas e Sociais, Avenida Alexandre Ferronato, 1200, Setor Industrial, Sinop, MT, 78557-267, Brazil
6Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Programa de Pós Graduação em Modelagem das Ciências da Terra e Meio Ambiente, Av. Transnordestina, s/n – Bairro: Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana BA, 44036-900, Brazil
7National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology (Fungi) Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra 411 004, India
*Corresponding authors, e-mails: Dong-Qin Dai ([email protected]), Ye Tian ([email protected])
Abstract
The identification, classification, and nomenclature of asexual fungi, including coelomycetes, have been rapidly changing. However, the nomenclatural changes of coelomycetous fungi have not been thoroughly discussed since Sutton (1977). Therefore, it is essential to compile all scattered data and revisit the list of generic names. This study aims to compile all published generic names of coelomycetous taxa, including invalid and illegitimate names. Additionally, sexual genera that have coelomycetous asexual morphs are also provided. This paper is part of a series of papers on coelomycetous genera.
Citation
Wijayawardene NN, Dai DQ, Tang L-Z, Fiuza PO, Barbosa FR, Cantillo-Perez T, Rajeshkumar KC (2020) The genera of Coelomycetes: Including genera of lichen forming, sexual morphs, and synasexual morphs with coelomycetous morphs (A–C). MycoAsia 2020/03. https://doi.org/10.59265/mycoasia.2020-03
Submission History
Received: 10.06.2019
Accepted: 19.06.2020
Published: 19.06.2020
Editorial Team
Handling Editor: Dr. Sanjay K. Singh
A Preliminary Study on L-asparaginase from Mangrove Detritus-Derived Fungi and Its Application in Plant Growth Promotion
Varada S. Damare*, Kiran G. Kajawadekar
Affiliation
Department of Microbiology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa 403206, India
*Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Abstract
L-asparaginase is an enzyme with wide applications in medicine, the food industry, and the development of biosensors. However, its potential as a plant growth promoter remains poorly studied. In this preliminary study, we investigated the plant growth-promoting characteristics of L-asparaginase derived from two filamentous fungi, Peroneutypa sp. GU-S and Lecanicillium sp. GU-G, isolated from mangrove detritus in Goa, India. The enzyme produced by these fungi was active at room temperature and 37°C and showed higher activity under aeration. The optimal pH for asparaginase activity was determined to be 8. The enzyme from Peroneutypa sp. GU-S exhibited greater stability at lower pH (4) and was further processed. Economical sources, such as powdered soya and grass, were used for enzyme production via solid-state fermentation. Germinating seeds of pea (Pisum sativum) inoculated with the crude enzyme extract displayed enhanced seedling quality compared to un-inoculated seeds. Within twenty days of incubation, the shoot and root lengths of the test plants were 1.2 and 2.2 times greater, respectively, than those of the control plants. This study demonstrates the plant growth-promoting ability of L-asparaginase and encourages further investigation on other plant species.
Citation
Damare VS, Kajawadekar KG (2020) A preliminary study on L-asparaginase from mangrove detritus-derived fungi and its application in plant growth promotion. MycoAsia 2020/04. https://doi.org/10.59265/mycoasia.2020-04
Submission History
Received: 04.10.2019
Accepted: 22.06.2020
Published: 22.06.2020
Editorial Team
Handling Editor: Dr. Sanjay K. Singh
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Supplementary Information
Species Listing and Diversity of Myxomycetes from Mt. Makulot and Napayong Island in Taal Lake, Batangas, Philippines
Margareth Del E. Isagan1, Mariah Kristianne C. Carbonell1, Yonnalyn A. Dalangin1, Ana Joramae L. Lapira1, Melissa H. Pecundo2, Thomas Edison E. dela Cruz1,2, *
Affiliations
1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd. 1008 Manila, Philippines
2Fungal Biodiversity, Ecogenomics and Systematics (FBeS) Group, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd. 1008 Manila, Philippines
*Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Abstract
The rich vegetation of volcanic forests offers a unique habitat for exploring myxomycetes (slime molds). This study investigates the occurrence and diversity of myxomycetes in the forest areas of Taal Volcano Crater Rim (Mt. Makulot) and Napayong Island in Taal Lake, Batangas, Philippines. A total of 1,110 moist-chamber cultures were prepared using decayed aerial and ground leaf litter, twigs, and woody vines collected from the study areas. Thirty-five species belonging to 14 genera were identified, including Arcyria, Ceratiomyxa, Clastoderma, Collaria, Comatricha, Cribraria, Diachea, Diderma, Didymium, Hemitrichia, Lamproderma, Perichaena, Physarum, and Stemonitis. Five species were unique to Mt. Makulot, while seven species were exclusively recorded in Napayong Island. Napayong Island exhibited higher species diversity compared to Mt. Makulot, with the highest species diversity observed in ground litter collected from Napayong Island. This study provides the first species listing of myxomycetes in Napayong Island, a small island within Taal Lake, which itself is located within an island.
Citation
Isagan MDE, Carbonell MKC, Dalangin YA, Lapira AJL, Pecundo MH, dela Cruz TEE (2020) Species listing and diversity of myxomycetes from Mt. Makulot and Napayong Island in Taal Lake, Batangas, Philippines. MycoAsia 2020/05. https://doi.org/10.59265/mycoasia.2020-05
Submission History
Received: 28.06.2020
Accepted: 08.09.2020
Published: 08.09.2020
Editorial Team
Handling Editor: Dr. Hanh Tran
Antagonistic Activities of Needle-Leaf Fungal Endophytes against Fusarium spp.
Ronel Brandon C. De Mesa1, Isabel Rafaela Espinosa1, Ma. Carmella Romana R. Agcaoili1, Marie Antonette T. Calderon1, Ma. Victoria B. Pangilinan1, Jewel C. De Padua2, and Thomas Edison E. dela Cruz1, 2, *
Affiliations
1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd. 1008 Manila, Philippines
2Fungal Biodiversity, Ecogenomics and Systematics (FBeS) Group, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd. 1008 Manila, Philippines
*Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Abstract
The utilization of beneficial living microbes and their products for controlling plant pathogens offers a safer alternative to chemical treatments. This study focuses on the isolation of needle-leaf fungal endophytes (NLE) from symptom-free needle leaves of two host plants collected in Cavite and Batangas, Philippines. Seventy-three NLEs were isolated from three tree samples of the angiosperm Casuarina equisetifolia Engl. and the gymnosperm Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon, and they were identified as belonging to 17 morphospecies. Seven NLEs, predominantly isolated from C. equisetifolia, were evaluated for their antagonistic activities against three potential plant pathogens, namely Fusarium oxysporum s. l. Smith & Swingle, F. solani s. l. (Mart.) Sacc., and F. moniliforme s. l. J. Sheld., using the dual-culture method with three strategies. The results showed that the NLEs inhibited F. oxysporum on contact through preventive, eradicative, and simultaneous approaches, suggesting the potential of fungal endophytes as biocontrol agents against F. oxysporum s. l.
Citation
De Mesa RBC, Espinosa IR, Agcaoili MCRR, Calderon MAT, Pangilinan MVB, De Padua JC, dela Cruz TEE (2020) Antagonistic activities of needle-leaf fungal endophytes against Fusarium spp. MycoAsia 2020/06. https://doi.org/10.59265/mycoasia.2020-06
Submission History
Received: 11.09.2020
Accepted: 05.10.2020
Published: 05.10.2020
Editorial Team
Handling Editor: Dr. Mahadeva Kumar
Ingoldian Fungi in Terrestrial Damp Woody Litter of Five Tree Species
Kodandoor Sharathchandra1, Kandikere Ramaiah Sridhar1, 2, *
Affiliations
1Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
2Centre for Environmental Studies, Yenepoya (deemed to be) University, Mangalore, India
*Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Abstract
Ingoldian fungi are known to occur beyond their preferred lotic habitats. While their occurrence in tree canopies (stemflow, throughfall, and tree holes) and terrestrial leaf litter has been reported, this study aimed to assess the assemblage and diversity of Ingoldian fungi in terrestrial damp woody litter of five tree species grown in scrub jungles of southwest India. Bubble (2 days) and damp chamber (14 days) incubations were conducted using segments of bark and cambium samples. Conidia released into water were trapped using Millipore filters, stained, and assessed. A total of 30 fungal species were recorded, with higher species richness observed in the bubble chamber incubation method compared to the damp chamber method (25 species vs. 18 species). The bubble chamber incubation method yielded more species from bark samples than cambium samples (19 species vs. 16 species). Furthermore, the bubble chamber incubation method showed a higher number of exclusive species in bark samples compared to cambium samples (8 species vs. 6 species). Simpson and Shannon diversities were higher in bark samples than cambium samples in the bubble chamber incubation, with low Pielou’s equitability. The frequency of occurrence of the top three species (Anguillospora longissima, Flagellospora curvula, and Triscelophorus acuminatus) and top two species (A. longissima and F. curvula) were the same in both bubble and damp chamber incubations, respectively. Among the tree species, the bark samples of Terminalia paniculata and cambium samples of Ficus benghalensis showed the highest number of average species in the bubble chamber incubation. Acacia auriculiformis bark samples and F. benghalensis cambium samples exhibited the highest number of average species in the damp chamber incubation, while Artocarpus heterophyllus cambium samples showed the highest number of average species. All tree species exhibited a higher number of average conidia in bark samples compared to cambium samples in the bubble chamber incubation, with Anacardium occidentale displaying the highest frequency. In the damp chamber incubation, Acacia auriculiformis bark and F. benghalensis cambium samples exhibited the highest average conidia. The bubble chamber incubation method proved to be a rapid and efficient means of assessing Ingoldian fungi in damp woody litter.
Citation
Sharathchandra K, Sridhar KR (2020) Ingoldian fungi in terrestrial damp woody litter of five tree species. MycoAsia 2020/07. https://doi.org/10.59265/mycoasia.2020-07
Submission History
Received: 17.11.2020
Accepted: 19.12.2020
Published: 19.12.2020
Editorial Team
Handling Editor: Dr. B. Devadatha
Reviewers: Dr. V. Venkateswara Sarma, Dr. Sudeep D. Ghate